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Raspberry Pi
The Raspberry Pi is an inexpensive single-board computer with an ARM CPU.
Components used in one Raspberry Pi model are often reused in the next model, which is why many solutions work for multiple models.
Problems[edit | edit source]
Problem | Affected models | Solution |
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Power issues like the following:
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System runs fine, but the USB ports have no 5V power. |
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This problem may be caused by faulty ferrite beads next to the LAN9514 chip. Remove all power from the Pi and measure the resistance of the ferrite beads (especially the one highlighted red in the image). The resistance should be below 1 Ohm. Broken ferrite beads need to be replaced. The part number of the original part is If the original part is not available, the ferrite bead next to the WiFi chip on a Raspberry Pi Zero W can be used as a replacement. It should also be possible to bridge broken ferrite beads with a wire, although doing so will increase electromagnetic interference. Also see LAN9514 (Raspberry Pi). |
System runs fine, but there is no picture on the HDMI port. |
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Issues with the SD card like the following:
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The WiFi antenna has broken off the board. |
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Replace with one of the following parts:
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Tests[edit | edit source]
PSU test[edit | edit source]
To test if a Raspberry Pi is receiving enough power, the stress
package can be installed:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install stress
Let the following command run for a minute, then quit it with ctrl
+C
:
watch timeout 1s stress -m 4 --vm-bytes 50
Finally, check if the Pi has received enough power:
vcgencmd get_throttled
If the above command returns anything other than throttled=0x0
, the Pi is not receiving enough power. This can be caused by a weak power supply, a bad cable (too long, to thin...), or a faulty Pi.
RAM test[edit | edit source]
To test that the RAM is working correctly, the memtester
package can be installed:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install memtester
Check how much RAM is available with the free
command:
free
This produces the following output:
total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 945292 64212 609464 696 271616 824816 Swap: 102396 0 102396
In the above example, 824MB are available. To test those 824MB two times, run the following command:
sudo memtester 824M 2
- If the command gets killed by the OOM killer, try testing a smaller amount of RAM.
- To test more than 3GB of RAM, a 64 bit version of Raspberry Pi OS must be used.
- To increase the amount of available RAM, close all other programs. You can also boot the Pi in console mode (
sudo raspi-config
, choose options1
,S5
, andB2
) to test the maximum amount of RAM possible.
Resources[edit | edit source]
Raspberry Pi 1[edit | edit source]
Raspberry Pi 2[edit | edit source]
- Schematics: (Model 2B)
Raspberry Pi 3[edit | edit source]
- Schematics: (Model 3B), (Model 3B+), (Model 3A+), (Compute Module 3)
Raspberry Pi 4[edit | edit source]
- Schematics: (Model 4B)
Raspberry Pi Zero[edit | edit source]
- Schematics: (Pi Zero), (Pi Zero W)
- Raspberry Pi Zero PCB layers (click the dark gray button in the main post to view the layers)
Raspberry Pi Zero 2[edit | edit source]
- Schematics: (Pi Zero 2 W)